Oligoclonal Bands of Immunoglobulins in Serum Leading to Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Infection

Cytomegalovirus Active Infection in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Background and Objective: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), one of the most common opportunistic pathogens in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), can cause the diseases such as encephalitis, pneumonia, and chorioretinitis. This study aimed at molecular studying of CMV infection in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Material and Methods: In this study, 50 ven...

Oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluids: significance of corresponding bands in serum for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Controversy exists regarding the definition of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and whether CSF bands with corresponding bands in the serum should be disregarded in the interpretation. Much of this controversy results from not distinguishing between the sensitivities of different techniques used for these studies. Because the combination isoelectric focusing/silver staining is mor...

Oligoclonal immunoglobulins in HIV-antibody-positive serum.

Cost-effectiveness of Methadone Maintenance Treatment Centers in Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the greatest social health problems in many communities in the twenty-first century. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) could decrease HIV infection among injection drug users (IDU). The main aim of this paper was to determine the cost-effectiveness of the governmental MMT program to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) i...

Resistance mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease to inhibitors: A molecular dynamic approach

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors comprise an important class of drugs used in HIV treatments. However, mutations of protease genes accelerated by low fidelity of reverse transcriptase yield drug resistant mutants of reduced affinities for the inhibitors. This problem is considered to be a serious barrier against HIV treatment for the foreseeable future. In this st...